The church was rebuilt by the Camaldolese architect Paolo Soratini (1682–1762) in a late Baroque style between 1740 and 1749. Until 1797, it belonged to the female monastic order of the Benedictine Sisters of Corpus Domini, and after the Restoration it became the church of the Episcopal Seminary.

Designed with a single nave, Soratini is also credited with the designs for the stucco decorations of the fine altarpiece of the main altar. The painting Pope Saint Sylvester I and Saint Benedict Abbot Adoring the Sacred Heart is the work of the Forlì-born painter Giuseppe Marchetti (1722–1801).